Treatments & approaches
There is no single cure for fibromyalgia, but there are many approaches that can help. Here is an honest overview of what is available in the UK.
Managing fibromyalgia usually involves a combination of approaches tailored to the individual. What works well for one person may not work for another, and finding the right combination often takes time and patience. The goal is not necessarily to eliminate symptoms entirely, but to improve quality of life and function.
Medication
Several types of medication are used to manage fibromyalgia symptoms. Low-dose antidepressants such as amitriptyline are commonly prescribed to improve sleep and reduce pain. Pregabalin and gabapentin may be used for nerve pain. Over-the-counter pain relief such as paracetamol can help with day-to-day pain, though stronger opioids are generally not recommended for fibromyalgia.
Physiotherapy
A physiotherapist can help develop a gentle exercise programme tailored to your current level of ability. The aim is to gradually improve strength, flexibility, and stamina without triggering flares. Hydrotherapy — exercise in warm water — is particularly beneficial for some people.
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
CBT is a talking therapy that helps people develop coping strategies for living with chronic pain and fatigue. It does not suggest that fibromyalgia is 'in your head' — rather, it helps address the psychological impact of living with a long-term condition and can improve overall wellbeing.
Pain management programmes
Specialist pain clinics and multidisciplinary pain management programmes are available through the NHS. These bring together physiotherapists, psychologists, and other specialists to provide a coordinated approach to managing chronic pain.
Complementary therapies
Some people find relief through complementary therapies such as acupuncture, massage, or mindfulness-based stress reduction. Evidence varies, but many people report meaningful improvements in pain and quality of life. Always discuss complementary therapies with your GP before starting.
Treatment plans should always be developed in partnership with your GP or specialist. What works varies significantly between individuals, and it may take time to find the right combination for you.